Dr. Ashok Mishra B.A.M.S in Ayurvedic medicine and an expert Ayurveda

Joint Problems

Joint Pain and pain while movement are among the most common problems for which a patient consults a doctor. There are several conditions that affect the normal functioning of the joints leading to the manifestations of different diseases. Injury due to trauma is one of the issues, leading to impaired joint function but the main issues that cause dysfunction in joints are inflammation and degeneration.

Specific Diseases Affecting Joints

Shoulder Joint

Adhesive capsulitis
Frozen Shoulder
Peri-Arthritis Shoulder

Elbow Joint

Tennis elbow
Golfer’s Elbow

Wrist Joint

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome

Ankle and foot

Plantar Fasciitis
Achilles Tendonitis
Calcaneal Bursitis

Hip Joint

Avascular Necrosis of Head of Femur

Knee Joint

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteo Arthritis

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Causes of Joint Pain

Joint pain is not always related to an underlying condition. Joint problems can be caused by a variety of issues. However, the main causes are degeneration and inflammation.

Degeneration

Normally, a smooth layer of cartilage acts as a pad between the bones of a joint. Cartilage helps the joint move easily and comfortably. In some people, the cartilage thins as the joints are used. This is the start of osteoarthritis. Over time, the cartilage wears away and the bones may rub against one another.

Bones may even start to grow too thick on the ends where they meet to make a joint, and bits of cartilage may loosen and get in the way of movement. This can cause pain, joint swelling and stiffness. The bones can also get weak due to several factors like age, lack of exercises, deficiency of Calcium or Vitamin D and after menopause in women. This can also lead to chances of fracture and can cause joint pain and other problems in the joints.

Inflammation

Inflammation is a part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens. This is a protective function meant to protect the healthy tissues from invading organisms like bacteria and viruses and from being affected by the damaged tissues.

Inflammation may be triggered by damages to the tissue as in the case of injury, or by infection or by a process called auto-immunity. Autoimmunity is one such condition where the immune system mistakes parts of the body for invading organisms and starts attacking the body’s own tissues leading to damage to the structures involved.

Joint Damage due to Injury

Injury can cause structural and functional damage to any of the tissues of a joint like the bones, the menisci, tendons and ligaments that can affect the functioning of the joints and lead to diseases.

Symptoms Of Joint Disorders

Pain Pain may be at the joint or in associated parts of the joints.
Swelling Swelling is often due to an inflammatory response.
Stiffness Stiffness is caused by the body to restrict excessive movement in order to protect the damaged part.
Limited range of movement when a muscle or tendon is affected, it is not possible to move the joint through the full range that is normally possible.
Tenderness Tenderness is pain on touching the part. It is also a sign of inflammation.
Weakness Weakness of the part of the body associated with the joint is often seen.
Inability to move the part When a tendon or muscle is affected, the person is not able to move the affected part. Movements may be restricted because of severe pain.
Fever Joint problems can also be a part of a systemic disease and not only affects the joint but also other organs in the body Ex. Ankylosing Spondylitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis.